Name the Plane – Feb 3
February 3, 2012 Leave a Comment
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Heinkel He 113 – Wikipedia
February 1, 2012 Leave a Comment
The mythical "He 113" (an He 100 D-1 in reality) in a spurious night fighter unit. Image via Wikipedia.
The Heinkel He 113 was a supposed Luftwaffe fighter aircraft of World War II, but which existed only as a propaganda and/or disinformation strategy.
The mythical “He 113″ (an He 100 D-1 in reality) in a spurious night fighter unit.
In 1940, Joseph Goebbels publicised the fact that a new fighter was entering service with the Luftwaffe. The plan involved taking pictures of Heinkel He 100 D-1s at different air bases around Germany, each time sporting a new paint job for various fictional fighter groups. The pictures were then published in the press with the He 113 name, sometimes billed as night fighters (even though they did not even have a landing light).
The aircraft also appeared in a series of “action shot” photographs in various magazines like Der Adler, including claims that it had proven itself in combat in Denmark and Norway. One source claims that the aircraft were on loan to the one Luftwaffe staffeln in Norway for a time, but this might be a case of the same misinformation working many years later.
It’s unclear even today exactly who this effort was intended to impress —foreign air forces or Germany’s public – but it seems to have been a successful deception. British intelligence featured the aircraft in AIR 40/237, a report on the Luftwaffe that was completed in 1940. There the top speed was listed as 628 km/h (390 mph). It also states the wing was 15.5 m² (167 ft²) and it noted that the aircraft was in production. Reports of 113s encountered and shot down were listed throughout the early years of the war.
Lilienthal Normalsegelapparat – Wikipedia
February 1, 2012 Leave a Comment
Lilienthal Normalsegelapparat - Image via Wikipedia
The Lilienthal Normalsegelapparat (“Normal soaring apparatus“) was a glider designed by Otto Lilienthal in Germany in the late 19th century. It is considered to be the first aeroplane to be serially produced, examples being made between 1893 and 1896.
Nine examples are known to have been sold, the buyers including Nikolai Zhukovsky and William Randolph Hearst. Three original “normal gliders” are preserved in museums in (London, Moscow, and Washington), and a fragment of one is preserved in Munich. A similar glider, the Sturmflügelapparat (“storm wing apparatus”) is preserved in the Technisches Museum in Vienna.
Lilienthal’s flights using this glider typically achieved a distance of 250 m (820 ft) starting from the top of the launching mound that he had constructed. A bow frame or “Prellbügel” was used to reduce the impact in case of a crash. Later the Normalsegelapparat was developed into a biplane.
via Lilienthal Normalsegelapparat – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
F-90 (Blackhawk comics)
January 31, 2012 Leave a Comment
F-90 (Blackhawk comics) - Image via Wikipedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The F-90 was a fictional likeness of the Lockheed XF-90 that appeared in the Blackhawk comics during the 1950s and 1960s. In reality, only two XF-90 prototypes were built. The Blackhawk comics used two basic designs that are reminiscent on the F-90, dubbed “F-90B” and “F-90C” by fans of the comics.
via F-90 (Blackhawk comics) – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
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Horatio Frederick Phillips – Wikipedia
January 31, 2012 Leave a Comment
1907 Flying Machine. Image via Wikipedia.
Horatio Frederick Phillips (born 1845 in Streatham – 1924) was an early aviation pioneer from the United Kingdom. He was famous for building multiplane flying machines with many more sets of lifting surfaces than would be normal on modern aircraft. However he made a more lasting contribution to aeronautics in his work on aerofoil design.
Aerofoils
Phillips devised a wind tunnel in which he studied a wide variety of aerofoil shapes for use in providing lift. The tunnel was unusual in that the gas flow was provided by steam rather than air.
By 1884 he was able to register his first patent, and more were to follow. He demonstrated the truth of George Cayley‘s idea that giving the upper surface greater curvature than the lower accelerates the upper airflow, reducing pressure above the wing and so creating lift.
Multiplane flying machines
1907 Flying Machine
Phillips believed that multiple stacked wing planes (or “sustainers” as he called them), in “Venetian blind” configuration, offered advantages.
His 1893 Flying Machine had 50 lifting surfaces and used his patented “double-surface airfoils” in such a way as to produce an aspect ratio of 1:152, providing great lift at the sacrifice of stability. As a test vehicle, it was not designed to be manned, but was used to test lifting capability. Its maximum load was found to be 400 lb.
His 1904 Multiplane was a development of the 1893 test vehicle in a configuration that could be flown by a person. It had 21 wings and had a tail for stability, but was unable to achieve sustained flight. Its best performance was 50 ft. A specially made replica of the 1904 machine appears in the opening sequences of the 1965 film Those Magnificent Men in their Flying Machines.
His 1907 Multiplane, which had 200 individual airfoils and was powered by a 22 hp engine driving a 7 ft propeller achieved the first successful powered flight in Britain, though he did not claim it as a flight as such. It flew 500 ft on 6 April 1907.
Though successful, the 1907 model showed poor performance compared to more conventional contemporary types. This caused Phillips to end his attempts at manned flight
via Horatio Frederick Phillips – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
F-19 – Wikipedia
January 30, 2012 Leave a Comment
F-19. Image via Wikipedia.
F-19 is a designation for a hypothetical United States fighter aircraft that has never been officially acknowledged, and has engendered much speculation that it might refer to a type of aircraft whose existence is still classified.
Ader Avion II – Wikipedia
January 30, 2012 Leave a Comment
Moteur Ader 1892, called Zéphyr, developed for Avion II. Musée de l'air et de l'espace. Image via Wikipedia.
The Avion II (originally referred to as the Zephyr (west wind) or the Éole II) was the second primitive aircraft designed by Clément Ader in the 1890s. Most sources agree that work on it was never completed, Ader abandoning it in favour of the Avion III that had a financial backer. Ader’s later claim that he flew the Avion II in August 1892 for a distance of 100 m at a field in Satory is not widely accepted.
The name “Avion” was devised by Ader from Latin avis (“bird”) and became the origin of the word avion, the most common in French to designate an airplane (heavier-than-air aircraft). The first official text noting it is French patent no. 205 555 granted to Ader on April 19, 1890.
The engine developed for Avion II, called Zéphyr was a light steam engine, in which steam was cooled through a condenser. It was 30 horsepower, yielding 480 revolutions per minute at a pressure of 15 kg, weighing 33 kg dry, and 134 kg with boiler and accessories.
Ader Éole – Wikipedia
January 29, 2012 Leave a Comment
Clement Ader's Avion French patent 205155, 19 April 1890.
The Ader Éole, also called Avion, was an early steam-powered aircraft. The Éole was named after the Greco-Roman wind god Aeolos. It was developed by Clément Ader in 1890. Unlike many early flying machines, the Éole did not attempt to fly by flapping its wings, but was to rely on the lift generated by its wings (mechanical copies of bat wings). Its steam engine was an unusually light weight design and drove a propeller at the front of the aircraft. The machine lacked means for the pilot to control the direction of flight.
On October 9, 1890, the machine achieved a short flight of around 50 m (164 ft) at the Chateau d’Armainvilliers in Brie. It reached a height of around 20 cm (8 in). The poor power-to-weight ratio of the steam engine and bad weather were felt to limit the flying height achieved. Ader later claimed to have flown the Éole again in September 1891, this time to a distance of 100 m (328 ft), but this claim is less substantiated.
The Éole is considered by some to be the first true aeroplane, given that it left the ground under its own power and carried a person through the air for a short distance; and therefore consider the event of October 9 to be the first flight. However, the lack of directional control and the dead-end that steam-powered aircraft were doomed to reach weigh against these claims. Ader’s proponents have claimed that the Wrights’ early airplanes required a catapult to take off; however, the Wrights did not use a catapult for their first flights in 1903, though they did for many flights in 1904 and later.
Modern attempts to recreate and evaluate the craft have met with mixed results. A full-size replica built in 1990 at the École Centrale Paris crashed on its first flight, injuring its pilot and leading to the termination of the experiment. Scale models, however, have been successfully flown.
Leonardo da Vinci – Wikipedia
January 28, 2012 Leave a Comment
A design for a flying machine, (c. 1488) Institut de France, Paris
For much of his life, Leonardo da Vinci was fascinated by the phenomenon of flight, producing many studies of the flight of birds, including his c. 1505 Codex on the Flight of Birds, as well as plans for several flying machines, including a light hang glider and a machine resembling a helicopter. The British television station Channel Four commissioned a documentary Leonardo’s Dream Machines, for broadcast in 2003. Leonardo’s machines were built and tested according to his original designs. Some of those designs proved a success, whilst others fared less well when practically tested.
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